Phoenix Veterinarian Clinic

Heartworms in Dogs

Heartworm is a parasitic roundworm that affects dogs, cats, wolves, coyotes, and humans and is spread through mosquitoes. The heartworm is a small, thread-like worm, also known as a filarial. This type of worm gains its name from the reproductive portion of its life, where it lives in the host’s pulmonary artery. The mosquito that carries this parasite is found all over the United States of America and the warm regions of Canada. However, the highest concentration and level of infection occurs in the area along the Mississippi River and the Atlantic coast from Texas to New Jersey.

The heartworm goes through several life stages before it infects the heart of the dog. The average period of time from the point of transmission to inhabitation of the heart is about 6 to 7 months in dogs. Diagnosis is performed through a blood test that reveals the presence of antigens released from the female reproductive tract of the worms. Symptoms of infection include a cough, weight loss, fainting, coughing up blood, and finally, congestive heart failure.

If a dog is found to be infected, some treatment options are available. However, the canine must first be evaluated for liver, heart, and kidney function to determine the risks of treatment. An arsenic-based compound is given to the dog. Because of the toxic nature of this drug, the animal must rest for several weeks following the dosage. Other treatment options include heart surgery. Fortunately, heartworms can be prevented with a monthly pill given during the mosquito season.

If you are interested in learning more, this sick pet website can provide helpful information.